ADHD across the lifespan – symptoms and new diagnostic approaches

Abstract

Adult ADHD can be regarded as a lifespan disorder whose importance to the health care system has been demonstrated by numerous international studies. Various studies adopt a lifespan perspective by focusing on developmental stages in which qualitative changes in symptoms are expected. Studies of comorbidity in adult ADHD also take developmental history into account and attempt to isolate factors that lead to an unfavorable course. Clear progress has also been made in diagnosis and treatment in recent years. Psychometrically well-validated instruments are now available that can be integrated into the clinical diagnostic process for assessing adult ADHD, and various programs have been developed in psychotherapeutic care, giving therapists a broad range of options. In addition to clinical symptoms, the effects of ADHD in relation to delinquency and road-traffic behavior are discussed. Facts concerning the socioeconomic significance of ADHD are also presented, supporting the conclusion that therapeutic care is essential.