Family relationships, self-congruence, and identification patterns in Brazilian children with ADHD

Abstract

Although ADHD does not appear to be a culture-dependent phenomenon, few studies have examined family relationships of children with ADHD in countries outside Europe and North America. Cultural aspects such as expectations regarding appropriate behavior, beliefs about the etiology of the disorder, and blaming parents may influence individual and societal attitudes toward the disorder. The present study was conducted in Brazil and examines family relationships and identification patterns in families with children with ADHD, taking into account both the perspective of the child/adolescent and that of the parents.