More than seizures and antiepileptics. Comorbidities in epilepsy

Abstract

Severe disabilities and multiple comorbidities in patients are frequently encountered problems for neuropediatricians. Mental retardation, cognitive problems and intellectual disability of varying degrees are frequent comorbidities in various epilepsy syndromes. Patients with epilepsy and behavioral problems, such as attention deficits and hyperactivity as well as children with autism and autistic features are difficult to treat. Movement disorders, such as cerebral palsy can occur together with epilepsy. Epilepsy and movement disorders can be symptoms of a common underlying disorder. The investigation of syndromal disorders and metabolic diseases with epilepsy as one of multiple symptoms requires specific diagnostic procedures. Patients and their families need specific support once these mostly incurable diseases have been diagnosed. Children with progressive neurological diseases and severe disabilities often need specialized palliative care. In all these situations a multidisciplinary team, including physicians, nurses and specialists from various therapeutic disciplines is necessary to provide the specialized care the patients and families need to attain a good quality of life.