Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adulthood: a review

Abstract

With a prevalence of 3–4%, adult ADHD is now regarded as a serious disorder that is frequently associated with far-reaching impairments in many areas of life as well as additional comorbid disorders. To date, only diagnostic guidelines based on childhood criteria are available. Because a biopsychosocial model is assumed in which dysfunctions of self-regulation play a central role, the professional community increasingly calls for specific diagnostic criteria for adulthood that take these dysfunctions into account. Cognitive-behavioral interventions that address resulting deficits in a goal-oriented and everyday-life-relevant manner have proven effective, as has pharmacotherapy. The current discussion is summarized.