Autism and ADHD across the life span. Differential diagnoses or comorbidity?

Abstract

Exclusion criteria of the DSM-IV-TR and ICD- 10 do prevent dual diagnoses of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity are amongst the most frequent associated symptoms of ASD. Psychopathological, neuropsychological, brain imaging and genetic studies suggest possible pathophysiological links between ASD and ADHD. Thus, standard diagnostic procedures for both disorders should assess the presence of potential comorbid symptoms of the other disorder. Treatment strategies for ADHD symptoms in the context of ASD overlap with those for patients with ADHD, but lower dosages and slower titration might be recommendable.